Donald Trump before an announcement on NAFTA made from the Oval Office. Photo: Sipa USA/SIPA USA/PA Images

Confounding a significant number of predictions it looks like President Trump may deliver on his pledge to renegotiate NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement. There are still hurdles to overcome, but Mexico has signed up in principle, and talks have now resumed with Canada, the third party to NAFTA. The president has started the process of notifying Congress, which has the ultimate say. He has until the end of September to submit the text to them for approval.

A successful conclusion is by no means a certainty. Canada could refuse a new agreement, and Congress could decide not to effectively replace a three-country agreement with one just involving the United States and Mexico. There may be controversies lurking within the text once this is released. Even so, we can still pick up some valuable clues about President Trump’s negotiating approach from NAFTA and interactions with EU President Juncker just before summer. These can help us to understand what could happen after Brexit in a UK-US negotiation.

First and most obvious, for President Trump it is still all about making the deal. US tariffs already imposed on steel and aluminium, those threatened on automotives, and those that could hit Mexico if the NAFTA agreement was simply terminated, forced countries to the negotiating table. Once at the table deals are found, even if they are messy. In the case of the agreement just reached with Mexico changes to the rules governing automotive exports were the centrepiece. Elsewhere, the EU promised more imports of US soybeans affected by retaliatory tariffs imposed by China.

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